Online Exif Viewer
If you have a photo file with metadata included, you can use an online Exif data viewer, like PixelPeeper, to see whether the location was included. If the GPS coords are included, PixelPeeper will show you the exact location, as recorded by the camera.
Only select cameras have a GPS module that stores location in metadata. However, most drones and smartphones do store the location in metadata (latitude and longitude).
For privacy reasons, most services will strip location information from images, so your success rate may be very low.
Identify location from photo online with Google Lens
If the location you’re looking for is a famous spot, a landmark, a historical place - you should be able to use Google Lens to locate it.
Go to Google Lens, click on the “Search by Image” icon and upload the image file.
Click on “Search by Image” and Google will show you different websites where this (or similar) photo is published. Follow the links and check the images you find on PixelPeeper.
ChatGPT
You can try to upload the image to ChatGPT (or other AI models) and let it try to guess the location. If it’s a popular spot, it should tell you what it is.